Life sciences and Bio-engineering: Recent submissions
Now showing items 221-240 of 1150
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Genomics of Adaptations in Ungulates
(MDPI, 2021-05-29)Ungulates are a group of hoofed animals that have long interacted with humans as essential sources of food, labor, clothing, and transportation. These consist of domesticated, feral, and wild species raised in a wide range ... -
TB or not TB? Definitive determination of species within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in unprocessed sputum from adults with presumed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
(Tropical Medicine and International Health, 2021-06-09)Objectives Differences among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) species may predict drug resistance or treatment success. Thus, we optimised and deployed the genotype MTBC assay (gMTBC) to identify MTC to the species ... -
Lablab purpureus: Evaluation and Selection of Drought-tolerant - High-yielding Accessions in Dry Farming Systems Based on Drought Tolerance Indices and Multi- environmental Yield Trials
(Ankara University, 2023-03-03)Breeding for drought tolerance in crops requires responding knowledge on the moisture regimes of crops. This study was conducted to evaluate and select the drought tolerant - high yield Lablab accessions in the dry farming ... -
Cone Bioassays Provide Reproducible Bioefficacy Estimates with Different Anopheline Mosquitoes and Can Be Used for Quality Assurance of Pyrethroid Insecticide Treated Nets
(Research Square, 2022-01-24)Background Quality assurance (QA) of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) delivered to malaria-endemic countries is conducted by measuring physiochemical parameters, but not bioecacy against malaria mosquitoes. The cone ... -
Development and Validation of a Mobile Game for Culturally Sensitive Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education in Tanzania: Mixed Methods Study
(JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada, 2021-05-13)Background: Globally, 3 out of 20 children experience sexual abuse before the age of 18 years. Educating children about sexual abuse and prevention is an evidence-based strategy that is recommended for ending child sexual ... -
Digital Technologies to Enhance Infectious Disease Surveillance in Tanzania: A Scoping Review
(MDPI, 2023-02-06)Mobile phones and computer-based applications can speed up disease outbreak detection and control. Hence, it is not surprising that stakeholders in the health sector are becoming more interested in funding these technologies ... -
Ethnobotanical Survey of Flora Used in Maasai Food System and Traditional Medicine against Gout-related and Other Human Ailments in Monduli, Arusha, Tanzania
(Research Square, 2021-09-01)Background: Flora used by Maasai practitioners (MSPs) in traditional medicine (TM) and food system (FS) were investigated in Monduli District, Arusha, Tanzania. The objective of this study was to document the knowledge on ... -
Mapping QTL for bruchid resistance in rice bean (Vigna umbellata)
(Springer Netherlands, 2016-06)The damage caused to stored seed by bruchids (Callosobruchus maculatus) is considered to be a major production constraint in rice bean (Vigna umbellata). Breeding for genetically determined resistance is the most environmentally ... -
Participation in mass dog vaccination campaigns in Tanzania: Benefits of community engagement
(Frontiers, 2022-10-13)Background: Canine rabies causes about 59,000 human deaths each year globally but the disease can be eliminated by sustaining sufficient dog vaccination coverage over several consecutive years. A challenge to achieving ... -
Integrating a community-based continuous mass dog vaccination delivery strategy into the veterinary system of Tanzania: A process evaluation using normalization process theory
(Elsevier, 2023-06-03)Abstract: Sustained vaccination coverage of domestic dog populations can interrupt rabies transmission. How- ever, challenges remain including low dog owner participation, high operational costs associated with ... -
Integrating contact tracing and whole- genome sequencing to track the elimination of dog-mediated rabies: An observational and genomic study
(eLife Sciences Publications Ltd, 2023-05-25)Background: Dog-mediated rabies is endemic across Africa causing thousands of human deaths annually. A One Health approach to rabies is advocated, comprising emergency post-exposure vaccination of bite victims and mass ... -
Ethnobiological survey to determine the link between health benefits and qualities of Maasai traditional food system in Monduli, Arusha, Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-07)Although Maasai’s traditional food system (TFS) is claimed to keep a low prevalence of metabolic diseases (MD), the link between its qualities and health benefits is not well established. An ethnobotanical survey was ... -
A prospective study of predictors of HIV viral load rebound in an HIV hyperendemic rural population of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
(Pan African Medical Journal, 2023-08-02)Introduction: globally, up to one third of people living with HIV had unsuppressed viral loads in 2020, making it imperative to understand the various predictors of HIV viral load rebound (HVLR) in specific hyperendemic ... -
Assessing Vulnerability of Food Availability to Climate Change in Hai District, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc, 2014-09)Climate change has a large effect on agriculture sector and, consequently, on the food available for residents of Hai District and other regions of Tanzania. Based on four decades of climate data, this study assessed the ... -
Effects of acetylcholine and electrical stimulation on glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor production in skeletal muscle cells
(Elsevier, 2014-11-07)Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a neurotrophic factor required for survival of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. Specifically, GDNF has been characterized as a survival factor for ... -
Understanding the role of serological and clinical data on assessing the dynamic of malaria transmission: a case study of Bagamoyo district, Tanzania
(African Field Epidemiology Network, 2022-10-07)Introduction: naturally acquired blood-stage malaria antibodies and malaria clinical data have been reported to be useful in monitoring malaria change over time and as a marker of malaria exposure. This study assessed the ... -
Prevalence and risk factors of brain atrophy and associated confusion state among adults from three hospitals in northern Tanzania
(African Field Epidemiology Network, 2023-05-02)Introduction: brain atrophy is the reduction of brain volume often accompanied with cognitive changes.Despite the availability of computerized- tomography (CT) scanners in Tanzania, little is known about the magnitude of ... -
Radioactivity and dose assessment of naturally occurring radionuclides in terrestrial environments and foodstuffs: a review of Bahi district, Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-07-15)In this review, the online searchable research articles were scrutinized for the data presented in line with radioactivity and dose estimates from both terrestrial environments and foodstuffs from Bahi district and other ... -
Efficacy of land use designation in protecting habitat in the miombo woodlands: Insights from Tanzania
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2017-03-17)Loss of natural landscapes surrounding major conservation areas compromise their future and threaten long-term conservation. We evaluate the effectiveness of fully and lesser protected areas within Katavi-Rukwa and ... -
Effects of Rhizobium Inoculation and Cropping systems on Leaf Litter Decomposition of Two legumes (Common bean and Lablab)
(Society of Education, 2018-03)Crop litter residues decompose and provide nutrients in to the soil. Decomposition is a process which is accelerated by sufficient soil conditions (good soil physical properties, soil moisture and microorganisms) and ...
