Life sciences and Bio-engineering: Recent submissions
Now showing items 381-400 of 1150
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Botanical Pesticides in Management of Common Bean Pests: Importance and Possibilities for Adoption by Small-scale Farmers in Africa
(Journal of Applied Life Sciences International, 2017-06-17)Botanical Pesticides (BPs) have been cited and are used as alternative to synthetic pesticides in agricultural systems worldwide. The BPs are believed to be safe to the environment and are used in pest control to avoid ... -
Drought Tolerance Mechanisms in Plants: Physiological Responses Associated with Water Deficit Stress in Solanum lycopersicum
(Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 2018-05-17)Drought is among the top largest causes of agricultural productivity losses globally. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a commercially important crop considerably hampered by drought. It is considered a drought sensitive ... -
The effect of plant extracts as seed treatments to control bacterial leaf spot of tomato in Tanzania
(Springer Nature, 2012-05-05)Bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by seed-borne xanthomonads is a serious disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), causing significant losses in both yield and quality. To identify more effective control measures, we ... -
Phytochemical activity and role of botanical pesticides in pest management for sustainable agricultural crop production
(Elsevier, 2020-03)Increased demand for food to feed the ever-growing population led to development and adoption of synthetic chemicals as a quick and effective strategy of managing crop pests and diseases. However, overreliance on synthetic ... -
Better nitrogen fertilizer management improved Mchare banana productivity and profitability in northern highlands, Tanzania
(MDPI, 2023-05-20)Declining land productivity is a major problem constraining banana (Musa spp.) production in Tanzania. Banana fruit yield consequently reaches only 15% of the potential, primarily due to inadequate soil nutrient ... -
Advancing the development and implementation of regional, national tuberculosis control programs in livestock in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
(Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2023-04-18)Tuberculosis in livestock caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) complex is a notifiable zoonotic animal disease (1), which has been eradicated or held to very low prevalence levels in many high-income ... -
Epidemiology of Q-fever in domestic ruminants and humans in Africa. A systematic review
(CABI One Health, 2022-11-17)Q-fever is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the gram-negative, intracellular, spore-forming bacterium Coxiella burnetii . Infected ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) are the reservoirs of the pathogen and thus ... -
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) Exposure in Smallholder Dairy Cattle in Tanzania
(MDPI, 2022-11-28)Q fever is a zoonotic disease, resulting from infection with Coxiella burnetii. Infection in cattle can cause abortion and infertility, however, there is little epidemiological information regarding the disease in dairy ... -
Impact of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) on Tuberculosis (TB) Patients—A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2022-11-21)Sustained TB infection overproduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a host defense mechanism. Research shows ROS is destructive to lung tissue. Glutathione (GSH) neutralizes ROS, although it is consumed. NAC is a precursor ... -
Performance of Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay Compared to Alere TB-LAM in Urine of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with HIV Co-Infections
(MDPI, 2023-02-23)Alternative tools are needed to improve the detection of M. tuberculosis (M. tb) in HIV co-infections. We evaluated the utility of Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA) compared to lipoarabinomannan (LAM) ... -
Cultivation of Tomato under Dehydration and Salinity Stress: Unravelling the Physiology and Alternative Tolerance Options
(IntechOpen, 2022-07-21)Tomato is an important fruit vegetable in the world, as a nutritional source and an income option for a majority of resource constrained households. However, tomato supply in developing countries is often fluctuating, with ... -
Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Responsible for the Resistance of Local Tomato Accessions to Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius 1889) Hemiptera in Tanzania
(MDPI, 2022-11-15)Plants have developed mechanisms to cope with stresses in their environments as they grow in diverse settings. Such means include releasing plant defense compounds upon attacks by pests or other stressors. Plants with these ... -
Identifying the right plants for diverse biocontrol agents in tropical smallholder bean farming systems
(African Journals OnLine (AJOL), 2022-10-20)Biocontrol agents such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens potentially regulate crop pests populations. The agents feed directly on the pests, oviposit in the pest body or cause disease in the pest. While biocontrol ... -
Comparative Assessment of UAV and Sentinel-2 NDVI and GNDVI for Preliminary Diagnosis of Habitat Conditions in Burunge Wildlife Management Area, Tanzania
(MDPI, 2022-06-28)Habitat condition is a vital ecological attribute in wildlife conservation and management in protected areas, including the Burunge wildlife management areas in Tanzania. Traditional techniques, including satellite remote ... -
Plant-Rich Field Margins Influence Natural Predators of Aphids More Than Intercropping in Common Bean
(MDPI, 2022-06-23)Field margins support important ecosystem services including natural pest regulation. We investigated the influence of field margins on the spatial and temporal distribution of natural enemies (NEs) of bean pests in ... -
Characterization of Farmer’s knowledge and management practices of papaya mealybug Paracoccus magnatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2022-02-22)Papaya mealybug (PMB) is a serious insect pest for papaya production in Sub-Saharan Africa, limiting production potential in farming communities. We did a household survey to evaluate the Characteristics of farmers' ... -
Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobia: Ecology, Characterization, Diversity, and Growth Promoting Functions
(Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2022-04-14)The worldwide increase in population continues to threaten the sustainability of agricultural systems since agricultural output must be optimized to meet the global rise in food demand. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is among ... -
Towards sustainability: Threat of water quality degradation and eutrophication in Usangu agro-ecosystem Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2022-08-01)The agrochemicals and nutrient losses from farming areas such as paddy farming significantly dictate quality and eutrophication of the freshwater resource. However, how farming and land use pattern affect water qualities ... -
Building sustainable societies through vertical soilless farming: A cost-effectiveness analysis on a small-scale non-greenhouse hydroponic system
(Elsevier, 2022-08)The growing rate of population and urbanization among African cities versus the reducing arable land has roused curiosity in soilless farming as an urban farming method to enhance food security and urban sustainability. ... -
Field Margin Plants Support Natural Enemies in Sub-Saharan Africa Smallholder Common Bean Farming Systems
(MDPI, 2022-03-28)Flower-rich field margins provide habitats and food resources for natural enemies of pests (NEs), but their potential, particularly in the tropics and on smallholder farms, is poorly understood. We surveyed field margins ...
