Life sciences and Bio-engineering: Recent submissions
Now showing items 461-480 of 1150
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Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Increasing Illegal Livestock Grazing over Three Decades at Moyowosi Kigosi Game Reserve, Tanzania
(MDPI, 2021-12-02)The global increase of livestock has caused illegal intrusion of livestock into protected areas. Until now, hotspot areas of illegal grazing have rarely been mapped, long-term monitoring data are missing, and little is ... -
Antifungal Effects against Phaeoisariopsis personata under Greenhouse Conditions and Phytochemical Analysis of Jatropha curcas Leaf Extracts
(International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2021-07-10)The study was conducted to test the antifungal efficacy of J. curcas leaf extracts against Phaeoisariopsis personata (causal pathogen for groundnut late leaf spot disease) under in vivo conditions, and to identify important ... -
The first genotype II African swine fever virus isolated in Africa provides insight into the current Eurasian pandemic
(Scientific Reports, 2021-06-22)African swine fever (ASF) caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV) is ranked by OIE as the most important source of mortality in domestic pigs globally and is indigenous to African wild suids and soft ticks. Despite ... -
Environmentally stable common bean genotypes for production in different agro-ecological zones of Tanzania
(Heliyon, 2021-01-19)enotype by environment interaction (GxE) complicates the process of selecting genotypes suitable for quanti tative traits like seed yield in beans, hence slows down the development and release of varieties by breeding programs. ... -
Multilocation dataset on seed Fe and Zn contents of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes grown in Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2020-05-07)There are over a hundred genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown and consumed in Tanzania. Currently, identification of bean genotypes containing high seed iron and zinc contents has been the focus globally for common ... -
Detection of African swine fever virus genotype XV in a sylvatic cycle in Saadani National Park, Tanzania
(Wiley Online Library, 2020-07-22)African swine fever (ASF) is a severe haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs caused by ASF virus (ASFV). ASFV is transmitted by soft ticks (Ornithodoros moubata complex group) and by direct transmission. In Africa, ASF ... -
Groundnut rust disease epidemiology and potential sustainable management strategies
(INNSPUB, 2020-04-30)Groundnut is an important food and cash crop for the majority of the world’s population. However, diseases have impeded groundnut cultivation in groundnut-growing regions. Of them, groundnut rust disease caused by ... -
EthnobotanicalknowledgeandthreatfactorsforAloespeciesinTanzania
(Ethnobotany Research & Applications, 2019-12)Background: The genus Aloe has long been known for its use in healthcare and cosmetics. In Tanzania, overexploitation is threatening some Aloe species with extinction and yet, little has been documented on the abundance ... -
Forage selection by Masai giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) at multiple spatial scales
(Oxford University Press, 2022-03-12)Management of rangelands requires knowledge of forage species that are preferred or avoided by wildlife and livestock. A recent expansion of woody vegetation into previously open grasslands in African savanna ecosystems ... -
Application of molecular methods in optimizing clinical management of patients with pulmonary multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-12)Rifampicin or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality. Differences among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) species may predict drug-resistance or treatment ... -
Impact of illegal livestock grazing on the socio-ecologica role of trophy hunting: the case of Moyowosi Kigosi game reserve, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-08)Tanzania has set aside almost 40% of its land for conservation and trophy hunting is the main activity conducted in an area covering about 80% of Tanzania’s conserved land. Trophy hunting conserves wildlife inside and ... -
Iron and zinc genetic biofortification of yellow common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) genotypes in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-11)Iron and zinc deficiencies are the global leading micronutrient deficiencies particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania. Iron deficiency in humans causes anemia, whereas zinc deficiency leads to compromised ... -
Comparative assessment of soil phosphate status, water eutrophication, and potentially toxic metal accumulation in Usagu agro-ecosystem
(NM-AIST, 2022-08)The present study assessed (i) soil fertility, phosphate status, sorption capacity and saturation, (ii) accumulation and distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils and plants, and (iii) soil and surface ... -
Antifungal activity of selected pesticidal plants against phaeoisariopsis personata and phytochemical analysis, central Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-07)The late leaf spot (LLS) caused by Phaeoisariopsis personata L., is the most serious fungal disease of groundnut worldwide. The LLS causes considerable damage to groundnuts leading to leaf defoliation and consequently ... -
Status and potential role of rangeland insect pollinators for pastoralist livelihood diversification in northern Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-07)Pollinators provide ecosystem services that support other living organisms. However, they are currently threatened by land use changes including habitat fragmentation. In Tanzania, Maasai rangelands are under pressure ... -
Detection and genetic characterization of sylvatic and outbreak African swine fever virus isolates in selected zones of Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-07)This thesis is about African swine fever (ASF), a severe disease of domestic pigs that is notifiable according to OIE. Virus strains circulating in Tanzania have been changing from time to time making surveillance ... -
Effects of livestock browsing and illegal harvesting on natural regeneration and ecology of balanites aegyptiaca in dinder biosphere reserve, Sudan
(NM-AIST, 2021-11)Livestock browsing, and illegal harvesting often influence natural woodlands, rangelands, and biosphere reserves. However, the resulting tree species diversity, composition, and population structure have rarely been ... -
Complementary feeding practices and the risk of exposure to aflatoxins among infants and young children in Kongwa, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-08)Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate foods like nuts and cereals and pose major public health concerns like impaired child growth, immune system suppression, liver cancer and death. ... -
Meta-narrative review of molecular methods for diagnosis and monitoring of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in adults
(PubMed Central, 2019-06-04)Early and accurate diagnosis and rigorous clinical and microbiological monitoring of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment can curb morbidity and mortality. While others are still under evaluation, the World ... -
Ethnobotanical use, threat status and optimalenvironmental germination conditions for conservation of aloe species in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-09)The genus Aloe is known for its use in healthcare and cosmetics. Many Aloe species are globally threatened due to over-harvesting for trade and habitat destruction. In Tanzania, over-exploitation threats some Aloe species ...
